Heat and temperature

"Heat" is the title of Part 3 of our class book which starts with chapter 15. For that chapter (15), I would suggest trying to answer problems 1 ,2 ,3 and 5. For chapter 16, I think review question 1 provides a good point of focus. Heat is energy. Putting heat into something makes it warmer; it increases its energy content and its temperature. Temperature is actually not such a simple concept and it is surprisingly difficult to come up with a general definition for temperature. For gases it is proportional to the kinetic energy of the molecules or atoms that make up the gas. Temperature is something that when it is the same, between two materials, no energy will flow from one to the other. We call that thermal equilibrium. Actually creating such a quantity leads to some subtle and somewhat tricky math involving exponentials, logarithms and Taylor series expansions.

For this class what you should know two things:
1) the "phenomenological definition": T is the quantity which, when equal between two materials leads to zero heat flow (equilibrium), and when not equal between two materials the amount of heat flow (energy which goes from one material to another per second) is proportional to the temperature difference.
2) for a gas, the temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the molecules of the gas.